Operating Principle of an Inverter
An
inverter can be taken as a crude form of UPS. Obviously the main use of
an inverter is only for powering common electrical appliances like
lights and fans during a power failure.
As the name suggests the
basic function of an inverter is to invert an input direct voltage
(12VDC) into a much larger magnitude of alternating voltage (generally
110VAC or 220VAC).
Before learning how to build an inverter,
let’s first understand the following fundamental elements of an inverter
and its operating principle:
Oscillator: An
oscillator converts the input DC (Direct Current) from a lead acid
battery into an oscillating current or a square wave which is fed to the
secondary winding of a power transformer. In the present circuit, IC
4049 has been used for the oscillator section.
Transformer:
Here the applied oscillating voltage is stepped up as per the ratio of
the windings of the transformer and an AC much higher than the input DC
source becomes available at the primary winding or the output of the
inverter.
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